TITLE: “Uterine structural abnormality and intrauterine device mal position: analysis of ultrasonographic and demographic variables of 517 patients”

Published February 2019 in the American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology

Summary: This was a retrospective case control study on patients presenting for ultrasound (US) appointments. Of the 1,253 US reports collected, 236 (19%) of them had malpositioned IUDs. They compared this group with control group of 281 patients with normal IUD position. Transvaginal, transabdominal, and 3D US were used. Malpositioned IUD patients had significantly increased rates of retroflexed uterus, septate uterus, bicornuate uterus, and fibroids (particularly submucosal fibroids). Fibroid size did not have a statistically significant difference between the groups. ParaGard IUD were the most common to be malpositioned. Most common IUD location in the malpositioned group was low uterine segment not extending to cervix. 

 

PDF: AJOG